A Study of Resistance in Irfan Ahmed Urfi’s Short Stories

عرفان احمد عرفی کے افسانوں میں مزاحمت نگاری:ایک مطالعہ

Abstract

Where the invasion of scientific inventions has eased the problems of man, it has introduced new problems as well. The problems of the modern age are also of a new type. These problems are not only limited to the identity crisis of the individual but also include the problems arising under the modern industrial system. Current affairs and contemporary issues have always been made a subject in Urdu fiction. However, the problems of the modern age are such a critical that every fiction writer cannot afford to subject them in writing.  Manto and Asmat took in their fictions the critical issues of their era.  On the one hand, they had to face resistance by readers and writers due to the violation of traditional themes. On the other hand, they themselves emerged as prominent names of resistance against social problems. In the present era, the example of Irfan Ahmad Urfi can also be taken so. He is not so prominent in the contemporary Urdu fiction scene because the reader has no insight to afford a second recitation after reading his short stories. His fiction is an open resistance against the evils of the modern age. In the article under review, an attempt has been made to present some colors of this resistance from his short stories.

Keywords: scientific inventions, Industrial System, Irfan Ahmed Urfi, Manto, Ismat, Resistance