GUMAN

The Depiction of Class Conflict in Qurratulain Haider's Novel” Mere Bhi Sanam khane”

2024-11-25T17:10:16+02:00

The writer is often referred to as the "eyes of society." Whatever the writer observes in society, they blend with imagination and bring it to the page, presenting various subjects through their creations. In fictional literature, diverse societal themes are found, reflecting different aspects of life. Novels, in addition to other topics, often explore the conflict between different social classes. The shining star of Urdu literature, Qurratulain Haider, has reflected this class conflict in her various works. Her first novel, Mere Bhi Sanam khane, deals with the decline of the upper class due to the Partition of India. In this novel, she has portrayed various social classes. The subject of this research paper is an analysis of the depiction of class conflict in Qurratulain Haider's novel Mere Bhi Sanam khane. The purpose of this research study is to explore how class conflict is expressed in the novel, which classes are represented, and what perspective the author has on these different classes. By using Qualitative research methods, it has been concluded that the author has skillfully portrayed the various social classes of her time in this novel. She highlights the nature of the relationships between these classes, presenting the behaviors and characteristics of characters from different classes, thus bringing forth both the virtues and flaws of that era. The study also examines to what extent the author successfully highlights the existing conflict between these social classes.

Keywords: Qurratulain Haider, Class conflict, Mere Bhi Sanamkhane, Partition of India, Depiction of social classes.

Mustafa Zaidi's Couplet

2024-12-21T14:24:08+02:00

Mustafa Zaidi, a renowned Urdu poet, is celebrated for his distinctive style of *Qataa' (couplet) writing. His poetry, rich in both classical and modern influences, explores profound themes of love, philosophy, and human existence. Zaidi's *Qataa' reflects a deep intellectual engagement with life's complexities, often combining the aesthetic elegance of traditional poetry with contemporary sensibilities. His mastery of language, coupled with an ability to evoke deep emotions and intricate thoughts in a concise form, has made his work highly admired in literary circles. This paper aims to examine the unique characteristics of Mustafa Zaidi's *Qataa' writing, analyzing his thematic focus, stylistic features, and the impact of his work on modern Urdu poetry.

Keywords: Mustafa Zaidi, Urdu poetry, Qataa', couplet writing, modern Urdu literature, intellectual themes, poetic style, emotional depth, literary analysis.

Post-9/11 Muslim Issues In The West and Urdu Novels (Taoos Faqat Rang, Main Dashat Gard Hon, Aik Love Story Aik Aitmi Qayaamat)

2024-12-04T17:22:39+02:00

This research article examines the multifaceted challenges faced by Muslims living in the West after the 9/11 tragedy, as portrayed in Urdu literature. Through an in-depth analysis of three selected Urdu novels—Tauos Fqat Rang by Neelam Ahmed Basheer, Main Dehshat Gard Hoon by Mohsina Jilani, and Ek Love Story Ek Atomi Qayamat by M. Akhtar—the study highlights the cultural, social, and psychological issues endured by Muslims in the post-9/11 era.The article begins with an exploration of the global and individual impacts of the 9/11 attacks, establishing the socio-political context of the time. It then focuses on the representation of these effects in Urdu novels, demonstrating how the tragedy's ripples reached and shaped literary narratives. By analyzing these novels, the study uncovers themes of alienation, prejudice, identity crises, and the struggles of Muslim communities to navigate life in a climate of heightened scrutiny and Islamophobia.In addition to the textual analysis, the research incorporates the perspectives of literary critics to deepen the understanding of how Urdu writers have artistically captured these post-9/11 realities. The article concludes by emphasizing the significance of these novels in giving voice to the silenced experiences of Muslims in the West, positioning Urdu literature as a critical medium for exploring the human dimensions of a global crisis.

Keywords: 9/11 Tragedy, Multifaceted, Challenges, Socio-Political, Psychological, Representation, Dimensions, Global Crisis.

Empowering the University Students: Career Development Centers as Catalysts for Motivation and Self-Actualization

2024-12-05T16:52:41+02:00

The current study examined career development centers as catalysts for motivation and self-actualization among university students in district Sargodha. Quantitative research approach with survey technique methods were used for data collection in the study. The main objective of the study was to examine the impact of career development center in motivation of university students on career planning and to explore the factors that influence the motivation and self-actualization of university students. The hypothesis of the study was that there is no relationship between Career development centres and motivation and self-actualization. Populations in the study were all current BS and M.Phil students of university of Lahore, Sargodha Campus and University of Sargodha, Main Campus. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the research participants from both universities. By using multistage sampling, 300 male and female students at graduate level were selected. Descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used in analyzing data and reporting the study findings, chi square test of association was used to find association of career development center vs motivation and self-actualization. The main conclusion of the study was that there was clear and significant relationship between career development center , motivation and self-actualization. On the basis of conclusions it was recommended that career development centers should develop and apply strategies for engaging and supporting students at university level.

Key words: Career development centers, Motivation, self actualization, Multistage sampling, relationship, basis, relationship, conclusion, recommended, strategies

مرثیہ کی روایت میں دکن کا کردار

2024-11-22T07:02:00+02:00

One of the reasons for the influx and concentration of Iranians in the Deccan was the trade from Iran to India. After the emergence of the Bahmani Empire, the Iranians who came here not only settled here, but also brought their own customs and culture. They brought along his beliefs, which included their attachment and devotion to Hazrat Imam Hussain, and which they must have been expressing in a covert manner, if not overtly. However, it can be said that in view of all these things, they may have started mourning ceremonies soon. From the study of the history of elegies, it is revealed that the practice of mourning and elegies started in the Deccan, if not before, certainly from the reign of Ahmad Shah Bahmani. When the Bahmani Empire fell, three kingdoms in particular got a chance to become independent. These included the states or kingdoms of Bijhapur, Ahmednagar and Golconda.

Key Words: Elegy, Iranians ,Bahmani Empire, Deccan

Mushtaq Ahmed Yousufi: A Legendary Sartist

2024-11-18T17:05:51+02:00

Musthaq Ahmed Yousufi was a great humorist and satirist of Urdu language. He had a rich literary career for almost 60 years. There is a limited research work, available on this literary giant and it is necessary to start research on various aspects of his writings. This article is a critical review of his all of books. In this article his humorist style is studied and variant techniques are specially discussed which are key points for his grandeur. After having study this article one can easily get introduced with his style and techniques.

Key Words: literature, humour, Art, Language, Sarcasm, Contemporary situation.

The Artistic and Intellectual Analysis of Zamir Masloob in Modern Urdu Poetry

2024-11-06T09:10:31+02:00

Urdu poetry's second most celebrated genre, after ghazal, is nazm. This eloquent genre expresses various themes, with poets conveying their thoughts under a title, without adhering to traditional weight or rhyme.Nazm originated in Deccan and later flourished in North India. Initial poets included Khwaja Bande Nawaz Gisudaraz, Amir Khusrow, and Nazir Akbarabadi. The 1857 Indian Rebellion sparked modern nazm's growth, influenced by Western ideas and new emotional currents. Maulana Muhammad Hussein Azad and Altaf Hussain Hali introduced natural poetry through the Punjab Association movement in 1867. This article explores nazm's definition, origin, and evolution, focusing on Shahid Hussain Naqvi's poetry collection "Zamir Makhloob".Naqvi's poems convey beautiful messages in simple language, reflecting human compassion, sincerity, and love. His poetry expresses anguish over human suffering, solidarity with oppressed people, and commitment to social and political issues.Naqvi's nazms demonstrate national and religious loyalty, celebrating Pakistan's grandeur and honoring national and religious figures. His poetry connects internal emotions with external expressions, transforming everyday experiences into profound reflections. Studying Naqvi's poetry reveals his ability to embody the essence of political and social poetry. His work reflects human sensitivity and love, expressing deep sorrow for human oppression and solidarity with victims of injustice.Naqvi's poetry celebrates Pakistan's national heritage, honoring national and religious icons. His poems connect inner feelings with external expressions, providing a profound reflection of life.

Keywords: Natural Poetry, Punjab Association, Modern Nazm, Shahid Hussain Naqvi, Zamir Makhloob, Urdu Poetry, Ghazal, Deccan, North India, Indian Rebellion.

Societal and Ethical Values for mutual Coexistence in the Light of the Seerah of the Prophet (PBUH)

2024-11-06T09:18:09+02:00

This research article investigates the societal and ethical values necessary for coexistence as reflected in the Seerah (biography) of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Islam promotes peace, justice, and tolerance, emphasizing moral principles that enhance harmony within diverse communities. The Prophet’s life exemplifies how individuals from various tribes, nations, and religions can coexist peacefully. His conduct toward others, including non-Muslims, underscores values like mutual respect, compassion, and reconciliation. This study is particularly relevant to contemporary social challenges where conflicts often emerge from cultural, religious, and ethnic differences. By examining the Prophet's (PBUH) approach, the research seeks to offer practical solutions for fostering unity and social harmony today. It draws primarily from Quranic teachings and Hadith, as well as a comparative analysis of modern social theories. Key events, including the Charter of Madinah, the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, and the Prophet’s interactions with non-Muslims, are explored to extract lessons on peaceful coexistence. Utilizing historical and analytical methodologies focused on documented Islamic sources, the study concludes that the Prophet's Seerah offers enduring principles for harmonious living that can contribute to a more inclusive society.

Keywords: Coexistence, Societal Values, Ethical Principles, Seerah of the Prophet (PBUH), Peaceful Harmon

Bridging Nature and Transcendentalism Through Poetry: Athar Tahir's Poetry and Thoreau's Ideals

2024-11-06T09:18:58+02:00

The study seeks to investigate transcendentalism in and through nature, to discover oneself and the truth behind him. As a result, various seasons and natural elements depict his inner turmoil. Athar Tahir's poetic collection, Just Beyond the Physical depicts communion with nature, influenced by the Romantic literary movement. The sound, musicality, and image depiction draw him closer to the romantics. Furthermore, he extends nature beyond its physical existence. Thoreau presents a version of "applied" Transcendentalism. The concept of nature is central to this thinking, not just the more abstract Emersonian notion of nature, but a wild nature beyond humans. Words and phrases with the concepts of wildness and wilderness are gathered using qualitative analysis, and they are then equated with man and transcendentalism. Thoreau's essay Walking serves as the pivotal point for the research, wherein he emphasizes the importance of mobility and walking in the wilderness. This research examines Thoreau's view of walking as a form of transcendence as he famously stated, "Wildness is the preservation of the world."

Keywords; Thoreau, Transcendentalism, Athar Tahir, Walking, Wildness, Wilderness.